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	Hydroelectric

	Basin
	Dam
	Turbine
	Penstock
	Valves
	Restitution Infrastructure
	Transformer
	Alternator

Storage unit AT Bushing insulators MT Bushing insulators Magnetic circuit Primary winding	Secondary winding Radian fins chest Internal links Heaters
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The transformer is a static electricity machine capable of transferring, by exploiting the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, alternate current electricity from one circuit to another, changing its characteristics. Schematically, a transformer consists of two windings, each made by a number of copper wire spires, wrapped around a highly magnetically permeable iron core, one of which receives energy from the power line, while the other is connected to use circuits. In the most recent constructions there is only one winding, in this case called "autotransformer".

The term “small hydro” is conventionally used for hydroelectric systems with a capacity up to 10 MW, which differ from plants with a higher capacity. In fact, while the latter require large barrages (dams) and extended artificial lakes for water accumulation, small hydro systems practically work like the old wind mills (obviously as a high-tech version), without almost any environmental impact.
On the contrary, they offer several environmental advantages. First of all they supply energy without emitting polluting substances, dust particles, heat and greenhouse gasses, thus helping to reduce local pollution and global warming.
From the point of view of energy, even if small hydro plants do have a limited individual capacity, they can be installed in arrays that include several systems, thus making a significant contribution to the national electricity production. In fact, this is an energy source that is considered essential to achieve European emissions reduction targets by increasing the amount of renewables that is deployed.